Which approach emphasizes individual internal construction of knowledge?

Which approach emphasizes individual internal construction of knowledge?

• A. Social constructivism
• B. Individual constructivism
• C. Discovery learning
• D. Spiral curriculum

Answer: (B)

Knowledge is built by the learner’s own mind through active mental processes, using prior experiences and the way new information fits into or alters existing schemas. This emphasis on private, internal construction of understanding is the essence of individual constructivism, a view associated with how learners autonomously organize and modify their ideas as they encounter new concepts. Social constructivism, by contrast, centers on how learning is shaped through interaction with others and cultural tools, which shifts the focus to shared meaning rather than solitary mental construction. Discovery learning is a method that encourages learners to explore to uncover principles, but it doesn’t specify that construction occurs strictly inside the individual’s mind. Spiral curriculum involves revisiting topics at increasing levels of complexity, focusing on revisitation and integration rather than the locus of knowledge construction.

Knowledge is built by the learner’s own mind through active mental processes, using prior experiences and the way new information fits into or alters existing schemas. This emphasis on private, internal construction of understanding is the essence of individual constructivism, a view associated with how learners autonomously organize and modify their ideas as they encounter new concepts. Social constructivism, by contrast, centers on how learning is shaped through interaction with others and cultural tools, which shifts the focus to shared meaning rather than solitary mental construction. Discovery learning is a method that encourages learners to explore to uncover principles, but it doesn’t specify that construction occurs strictly inside the individual’s mind. Spiral curriculum involves revisiting topics at increasing levels of complexity, focusing on revisitation and integration rather than the locus of knowledge construction.